feat: 添加异步数据入库任务系统，支持全量/增量更新与实时进度展示

新增完整的异步任务管理体系：
1. 新增Redis缓存层实现任务状态实时存储与降级机制
2. 实现并发拉取+批量写入的高性能入库流程
3. 添加任务管理HTTP接口与路由
4. 重构行情控制器使用共享SQLite存储
5. 配套添加Docker Compose Redis启动配置
6. 前端新增任务管理面板支持操作与进度查看

internal/storage/sqlite/task.go

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+package sqlite
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"stock-analysis/internal/cache"
+)
+
+// 任务相关 SQL。
+const (
+	saveTaskSQL = `
+INSERT INTO ingest_task (id, type, status, total, done, success, failed, failed_codes, params, error, started_at, finished_at)
+VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+ON CONFLICT (id) DO UPDATE SET
+    type = excluded.type,
+    status = excluded.status,
+    total = excluded.total,
+    done = excluded.done,
+    success = excluded.success,
+    failed = excluded.failed,
+    failed_codes = excluded.failed_codes,
+    params = excluded.params,
+    error = excluded.error,
+    started_at = excluded.started_at,
+    finished_at = excluded.finished_at;`
+
+	updateTaskProgressSQL = `UPDATE ingest_task SET total = ?, done = ?, success = ?, failed = ?, failed_codes = ? WHERE id = ?;`
+
+	finishTaskSQL = `UPDATE ingest_task SET status = ?, error = ?, finished_at = ? WHERE id = ?;`
+
+	getTaskSQL = `SELECT id, type, status, total, done, success, failed, failed_codes, params, error, started_at, finished_at FROM ingest_task WHERE id = ?;`
+
+	listTasksSQL = `SELECT id, type, status, total, done, success, failed, failed_codes, params, error, started_at, finished_at FROM ingest_task ORDER BY started_at DESC LIMIT ?;`
+)
+
+// SaveTask 保存或更新任务（INSERT OR REPLACE 语义）。
+func (s *Store) SaveTask(ctx context.Context, t *cache.Task) error {
+	failedCodes, err := json.Marshal(t.FailedCodes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("marshal failed codes: %w", err)
+	}
+	_, err = s.db.ExecContext(ctx, saveTaskSQL,
+		t.ID, t.Type, t.Status, t.Total, t.Done, t.Success, t.Failed,
+		string(failedCodes), t.Params, t.Error, t.StartedAt, t.FinishedAt)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("save task %s: %w", t.ID, err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UpdateTaskProgress 更新任务进度（total/done/success/failed/failed_codes）。
+func (s *Store) UpdateTaskProgress(ctx context.Context, id string, total, done, success, failed int, failedCodes []string) error {
+	data, err := json.Marshal(failedCodes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("marshal failed codes: %w", err)
+	}
+	_, err = s.db.ExecContext(ctx, updateTaskProgressSQL, total, done, success, failed, string(data), id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("update task progress %s: %w", id, err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// FinishTask 标记任务终态（status/error/finished_at）。
+func (s *Store) FinishTask(ctx context.Context, id string, status cache.TaskStatus, errMsg, finishedAt string) error {
+	_, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx, finishTaskSQL, status, errMsg, finishedAt, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("finish task %s: %w", id, err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetTask 按 ID 查询任务。
+func (s *Store) GetTask(ctx context.Context, id string) (*cache.Task, error) {
+	row := s.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getTaskSQL, id)
+	t, err := scanTask(row)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get task %s: %w", id, err)
+	}
+	return t, nil
+}
+
+// ListTasks 返回最近的任务列表（按开始时间降序）。
+func (s *Store) ListTasks(ctx context.Context, limit int) ([]*cache.Task, error) {
+	if limit <= 0 {
+		limit = 50
+	}
+	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx, listTasksSQL, limit)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list tasks: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	var tasks []*cache.Task
+	for rows.Next() {
+		t, err := scanTask(rows)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		tasks = append(tasks, t)
+	}
+	return tasks, rows.Err()
+}
+
+// rowScanner 抽象 *sql.Row 和 *sql.Rows 的 Scan 方法。
+type rowScanner interface {
+	Scan(dest ...any) error
+}
+
+// scanTask 从查询行扫描一条任务记录。
+func scanTask(row rowScanner) (*cache.Task, error) {
+	var (
+		t           cache.Task
+		failedCodes string
+	)
+	if err := row.Scan(&t.ID, &t.Type, &t.Status, &t.Total, &t.Done, &t.Success, &t.Failed,
+		&failedCodes, &t.Params, &t.Error, &t.StartedAt, &t.FinishedAt); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if failedCodes != "" && failedCodes != "null" {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(failedCodes), &t.FailedCodes)
+	}
+	return &t, nil
+}